1. Normal fertile soil is called air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water . Man-made growing medium for plants is called air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water . If loam is used in a compost, the loam must first be air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water to kill micro-organisms and pests. Loamless compost lacks loam. Instead it contains peat, sand and air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water . 2. Peat and substitutes such as air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water shells improve a compost’s ability to hold air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water . Grit, air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water and perlite improve the air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water content and let excess water drain away easily. 3. Nitrogen (N), phophorus (P) and potassium (K) are major air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water needed by plants (N for air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water , P for air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water and K for flower and air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water growth). Different fertilizers contain different air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water of these minerals. Chemicals needed by plants in tiny amounts are called air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water elements. 4. Some house plants should be watered from above; others from air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water . Plants can be left unattended for a week or two by setting up watering systems using capillary air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water or automatic air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water . Compost containing water air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water gel does not need to be watered very often because the gel holds much water. 5. Plants only grow well if given a suitable range of temperature. This can be controlled in a greenhouse using a thermostatically controlled air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water . Extremes of temperature can be monitored using a air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water and minimum air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water . 6. Good ventilation in a greenhouse is important to stop the air becoming too air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water (damp) and allowing grey mould to attack the plants. The air can be kept fresh using air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water or a air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water controlled air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water . Relative humidity can be measured using a air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water . 7. Cacti are plants that need direct air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water and well-drained soil. Ferns need good indirect light and air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water compost. Foliage plants are grown for their decorative air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water ; flowering plants for their attractive flowers. In general both of these groups like good air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water sunlight and well-watered compost. However detailed needs vary from one type of plant to another. 8. The transfer of seedlings from a crowded site to one with more space is called air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water out. The transfer of a potted plant into a larger container is called air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water on. The removal of old flowers to encourage a plant to make more flowers is called air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water . 9. An animal that damages a plant is called a pest. An example is the air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water . Such a pest can be killed using chemicals called air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water . A disease is a condition caused by a micro-organism. An example that affects plants is air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water . Fungal diseases can be treated using chemicals called air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water . 10. Young plants can be protected from extremes of temperature using equipment made of air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water or air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water such as cold frames, cloches and polythene tunnels. Floating air airvents aphid below cocoa compost dead-heading fan fertilizer fleece fruit fungicides glass grey mould heater humid hygrometer indirect irrigation leaf leaves loam matting maximum moist nutrients pesticides plastic potting pricking ratios retentive root sand sterilized sunlight thermometer thermostatically trace water can also be used to protect plants from frost.